Fajr is the pre-dawn prayer performed before sunrise. It is the first of the five obligatory daily prayers (Salah) in Islam. Its time begins at true dawn (Subh Sadiq) and ends at sunrise. Missing Fajr is considered significant — many Muslims wake early specifically for this prayer.

The five daily prayers are: Fajr (pre-dawn), Dhuhr (midday), Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (sunset), and Isha (night). Each prayer has a specific time window based on the sun's position, which changes daily and varies by location.

The Muslim World League method calculates Fajr at 18° solar depression and Isha at 17°. It is one of the most widely accepted methods globally, used by mosques across the UK, Europe, Canada, India, and South Asia. VedKaal uses MWL as the default method.

Prayer times are calculated from the sun's position in the sky, which shifts slightly each day as the Earth orbits the Sun. Sunrise, solar noon, and sunset all change daily — so all five prayer times change accordingly. They also differ between cities because sunrise happens at different local times worldwide.

The Hijri calendar is the Islamic lunar calendar, beginning from the year of Prophet Muhammad's migration (Hijra) from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE. Each month starts with the new crescent moon. The Hijri year has 354 or 355 days — about 11 days shorter than the Gregorian year, which is why Islamic dates cycle through all seasons over time.

VedKaal calculates prayer times using the standard astronomical formula based on your city's exact coordinates. Times are accurate within 1-2 minutes. However, local mosques may follow slightly different methods or make minor adjustments. Always verify with your local mosque for congregational prayer times.